French Angelfish Facts

French Angelfish Facts French angelfish are part of class Osteichthyes and live in coral reefs in the Western Atlantic, from the Bahamas to Brazil and the Gulf of Mexico. Their scientific name, Pomacanthus paru, comes from the Greek words for cover (poma) and spine (akantha) due to their protruding spines. French angelfish are very curious, territorial, and often travel in pairs. Fast Facts Scientific Name: Pomacanthus paruCommon Names: French angelfish, french angel, angelfishOrder: PerciformesBasic Animal Group: FishDistinguishing Characteristics: Black scales with yellow rims in adults and black scales with yellow vertical bands in juvenilesSize: 10 to 16 inchesWeight: UnknownLife Span: Up to 10 yearsDiet: Sponges, algae, soft corals, ectoparasitesHabitat: Coral reefs in tropical coastal watersPopulation: StableConservation Status: Least ConcernFun Fact: Young French angelfish form symbiotic relationships with bigger fish. They remove parasites from other fish species and receive protection in return. Description French angelfish have thin bodies with protruding lower jaws, small mouths, and comb-like teeth. They have black scales with a bright yellow rim, and their eyes have yellow at the outer portion of the iris. Juveniles have a dark brown or black body with vertical yellow bands. As they mature, the scales begin to develop yellow rims, while the rest of the body remains black. French Angelfish, Pomacanthus paru, in Chichiriviche de la Costa, Venezuela, Caribbean Sea. Humberto Ramirez / Getty Images These fish commonly swim at depths of 15 feet, traveling in pairs in coral reefs near sponges. They are strongly territorial and will fight with neighboring pairs over areas. Due to their small bodies, French angelfish are able to swim into narrow cracks between corals to hunt and hide from predators. They swim by rowing their pectoral fins, and their long tail fins allow them to turn quickly. Habitat and Distribution French angelfish occur in coral reefs, rocky bottoms, grassy flats, and other places that provide coverage in tropical coastal waters. They have been found in the Atlantic Ocean off the coasts of Florida down to Brazil. They also appear in the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and occasionally off the coast of New York. French angelfish can survive a wide variety of environments due to their salinity tolerance. Diet and Behavior Juvenile French Angelfish cleaning the tail of a Bar Jack underwater off the Yucatan peninsula. Alphotographic / Getty Images Adult angelfish’s diet mostly consists of sponges and algae. Many sponges have a V-shaped pattern due to French angelfish bites. They also eat cnidarians including zoantharians and gorgonians, as well as other aquatic invertebrate animals such as bryozoans and tunicates. Young angelfish eat algae, detritus, and ectoparasites cleaned off other fish. In reef ecosystems, young French angelfish set up â€Å"cleaning stations† for a variety of fish clients as a way for them to control parasites. They do so by touching the body of fish clients with their pelvic fins to remove parasites. This specialized function rivals other cleaners like gobies and shrimp. Client fish include jacks, morays, surgeonfish, and snappers, among many others. Adults form pairs, staying with their mate for life. These pairs search the corals for food during the day and hide from predators at night in cracks in the reefs. Despite being very territorial, adult French angelfish have been known to be very curious towards divers. Reproduction and Offspring French angelfish reach sexual maturity when they are around 3 years of age and about 10 inches long. Spawning occurs from April to September. They are nest non-guarders and reproduce in pairs via external fertilization. Unlike other fish that spawn in the open, French angelfish mate exclusively with their partner. The male and female will travel to the surface where they release both eggs and sperm into the water. The eggs are only 0.04 inches in diameter and hatch 15 to 20 hours after fertilization. These eggs develop in plankton beds until they can travel down to the coral reef. A hawksbill sea turtle feeds on a sponge while two french angelfish look on. Shot at the dive site Tormentos in Cozumel, Mexico. Brent Durand / Getty Images Conservation Status French angelfish are designated as Least Concern as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The organization found the population of French angelfish to be stable because the current collection for aquarium trade does not impact the global population. French Angelfish and Humans French angelfish are economically important because juveniles are collected using nets to sell to aquariums and are reared in captivity. Due to their high tolerance to environmental changes, disease resistance, and their curious personalities, French angelfish make ideal aquarium fish. Additionally, they are fished for food locally in some countries like Singapore and Thailand, although there have been reports of ciguatera poisoning. This type of poisoning is caused by eating fish that contain ciguatera toxins. Sources French Angelfish. Oceana, https://oceana.org/marine-life/ocean-fishes/french-angelfish.French Angelfish Facts And Information. Seaworld, https://seaworld.org/animals/facts/bony-fish/french-angelfish/.French Angelfishes. Marinebio, https://marinebio.org/species/french-angelfishes/pomacanthus-paru/.Kilarski, Stacey. Pomacanthus Paru (French Angelfish). Animal Diversity Web, 2014, https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Pomacanthus_paru/.Pomacanthus Paru. Florida Museum, 2017, https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/discover-fish/species-profiles/pomacanthus-paru/.Pyle, R., Myers, R., Rocha, L.A. Craig, M.T. 2010. â€Å"Pomacanthus paru.† The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2010, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/165898/6160204.

Definition and Examples of Synathroesmus in Rhetoric

Definition and Examples of Synathroesmus in Rhetoric Definition Synathroesmus is a  rhetorical term for the piling up of words (usually adjectives), often in the spirit of invective. Also known as  congeries, accumulatio, and seriation. In A  Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory  (2012), Cuddon and Habib offer this example of  synathroesmus from Shakespeares Macbeth:Who can be wise, amazed, temperate and furious,Loyal and neutral, in a moment? See the additional examples below. Also see: AccumulationCongeriesListSeriesSynonyms EtymologyFrom the Greek, collection   Examples Hes a proud, haughty, consequential, turned-up-nose peacock.(Charles Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby)He was a gasping, wheezing, clutching, covetous old man.(Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol)Of all the bete, clumsy, blundering, boggling, baboon-blooded stuff I ever saw on the human stage, that thing last night beatas far as the story and acting wentand of all the affected, sapless, soulless, beginningless, endless, topless, bottomless, topsyturviest, tuneless, scrannelpipiesttongs and boniestdoggerel of sounds I ever endured the deadliness of, that eternity of nothing was the deadliest, as far as its sound went.(John Ruskin, on Richard Wagners Die Meistersinger von Nà ¼rnberg)One viewed the existence of man then as a marvel, and conceded a glamour of wonder to these lice which were caused to cling to a whirling, fire-smote, ice-locked, disease-stricken, space-lost bulb.(Stephen Crane, The Blue Hotel)Lipsmackin thirstquenchin acetastin motivatin goodbuzzin cooltalkin highwalkin fastlivi n evergivin coolfizzin Pepsi.(commercial slogan for Pepsi Cola) [Jimmy Carter] was of the Missionary lectern-pounding Amen ten-finger C-major-chord Sister-Martha-at-the-Yamaha-keyboard loblolly piney-woods Baptist faith . . ..(Tom Wolfe, The Me Decade and the Third Great Awakening, 1977)Talking Right: How Conservatives Turned Liberalism into a Tax-Raising, Latte-Drinking, Sushi-Eating, Volvo-Driving, New York Times-Reading, Body-Piercing, Hollywood-Loving, Left-Wing Freak Show(Geoffrey Nunberg, book title, 2006) Thomas Pynchons Use of SynathroesmusYet at least he had believed in the cars, maybe to excess: how could he not, seeing people poorer than him come in, Negro, Mexican, cracker, a parade seven days a week, bring with them the most godawful of trade-ins: motorized, metal extensions of themselves, of their families and what their whole lives must be like, out there so naked for anybody, a stranger like himself, to look at, frame cockeyed, rusty underneath, fender repainted in a shade just off enough to depress the value, if not Mucho himself , inside smelling hopeless of children, of supermarket booze, or two, sometimes three generations of cigarette smokers, or only of dustand when the cars were swept out you had to look at the actual residue of these lives, and there was no way of telling what things had been truly refused (when so little he supposed came by that out of fear most of it had to be taken and kept) and what had simply (perhaps tragically) been lost: clipped coupons promising savings of 5 or 10 ¢, trading stamps, pink flyers advertising specials at the market, butts, tooth-shy combs, help-wanted ads, Yellow Pages torn from the phone book, rags of old underwear or dresses that already were period costumes, for wiping your own breath off the inside of a windshield with so you could see whatever it was, a movie, a woman or car you coveted, a cop who might pull you over just for drill, all the bits and pieces coated uniformly, like a salad of despair, in a grey dressing of ash, condensed exhaust, dust, body wastesit nauseated him to look, but he had to look.(Thomas Pynchon, The Crying of Lot 49, 1965) Pronunciation: si na TREES mus or sin a THROE smus Alternate Spellings: sinathroesmus

Research paper 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research paper 4 - Essay Example Initially, it was planned to look through the sources, which are related to the study of research methods in criminology. Having found the necessary resources, it is important to look through the information, which they contain. The initial plan predetermined the division of the paper into four main sections: the preliminary design of the research, a statement of the data collection methods, the methods of case analysis and the general plan. Writing of these sections required the special knowledge of criminology, which were achieved with the help of the appropriate sources. The next step was the division of these sections into several separate points, which stated one general thought. The hypothesis of the initial plan was that it would look in the following way: Causality and validity formation. This section has brought the significant changes into the initial plan, as it was reconsidered from practical point of view. Some points, included in the plan were quite large and distracted the attention of the reader from the basic topic. Due to this fact, such issues as stating the examples of the research process, the description of problem formulation and ethical standards during the case investigation were omitted from the text. This caused the significant reduction of the paper volume and helped to maintain its most important parts in the center of attention. Concluding this article, it is necessary to highlight that the preliminary planning of the scientific paper is a long and taking-time process. The structural analysis must always be supported by the literary sources, which makes the work more objective. My proposal research paper was written in accordance with the points of the draft plan, which helped me to take a general view on the whole work process and see if it would be effective or not. The preparation work plays an important role in the representation of the project, as it makes it structurally and

Adam Smith Inquiry on the Wealth of Nations Essay

Adam Smith Inquiry on the Wealth of Nations - Essay Example As the discussion highlights subject to his arguments, Adam smith is onto something. First, by saying that specialization and division of labor is the key to prosperity, he was indeed very right because the two attributes leads to perfection and high productivity. At the same time, specialization allows for the maximization of technical skills and relevant innovations. This amounts to effective and quality labor that guarantees better performance in all fields. However, to achieve the skills for specialization and division of labor, adequate knowledge is required. This is only transmitted in a structured education system that starts at childhood and hence the need for widespread education for children. Though this trend was not famous at the time, it would be highly effective upon implementation. Indeed, in the absence of specialization and division of labor, innovations, perfection, high quality labor, and improved performance can never surface. Lack of specialization leads to gener alization and lack of specific goals that is detrimental to the economy of any nation. The poor on the other hand develop general skills that are very efficient in their livelihood but have no chances of advancement since there are no innovations. Hence, Adam advocates for widespread education that will improve the skills of the citizens and enhance specialization and division of

Women and Motorcycles Essay Example for Free

Women and Motorcycles Essay Introduction An American tradition can be dated back to 1903 when two young men brought their idea to life and produced the first Harley-Davidson motorcycle. At the time, the motor-driven motorcycle that these young men were inventing was to be for their own personal use. Once it was produced, it became popular with motorcycle enthusiast and having survived some difficult times Harley-Davidson is just as popular today, as it was when if first began (Bolfert). According to the company’s gross revenue in 2010, Fortune 500 list Harley-Davidson at number 430. What keeps Harley-Davidson going strong? Is it the motorcycles, the people who ride these machines, or is it because Harley-Davidson Motor Company is a great American success story (Bolfert)? The story of Harley-Davidson is an interesting story that I hope you will enjoy learning about. The motorcycles are true legends of art, but the people who choose to ride these machines are truly remarkable people. People often judge a group of riders as being a rough and rowdy crowd looking for trouble, but as you will learn through this paper, most of these groups are the friendliest and most helpful people you could find. Harley-Davidson and motorcycles are usually considered a masculine sport intended for men (Mitchel). However, there are women out there who enjoy the freedom of riding their own Harley. So, when did women become so passionate for the open road and begin riding Harley-Davidson motorcycles? What does Harley-Davidson Motor Company do to attract women to the sales of its products and services? Let the story of Harley-Davidson and women riders begin. History Although there had been steam powered tricycles and gasoline bicycles in the 17 and 1800’s, the story of Harley-Davidson begins in a small shed of a neighbor. William Harley and Arthur Davidson were neighbors and boyhood friends that worked at a Milwaukee manufacturing company as an apprentice draftsman and pattern maker with dreams of their own. They set out to build a motor-driven bicycle for their own personal use. Having built their own bike in 1902, they were not satisfied that the engine didn’t take all the work out of cycling and soon sought the help of Arthurs’ brother Walter, who was a skilled mechanic, to help produce a more powerful engine. They also needed a toolmaker to help with the development of the motorcycle and asked their brother William to join the team (Bolfert). Later, the same year the first true Harley-Davidson engine was completed and Bill Harley and the three Davidson brothers were ready to put their idea into production. Needing more space to produce their creation, the Davidson brothers’ father built a 1015-foot building in their backyard. It was here that a legend was born with the boys painting â€Å"Harley-Davidson’s Motor Company† on the door and producing three motorcycles in 1903 (Bolfert). Harley-Davidson’s reputation of being durable and dependable began with the very first produced motorcycle. This motorcycle had been bought and sold to several different men, who performed very low maintenance to the bike, and accumulated 100,000 miles with its original bearings (Bolfert). To meet the demand for stronger engines and better performance, Harley and the Davidson brothers produced the first V-twin engine in 1909. However, the first 27 manufactured V-twin motorcycles were recalled and destroyed, with the exception of one which resides in the Harley-Davidson museum today. In 1910 no V-twin models were produced because they wanted to make sure they developed an engine that would â€Å"measure up to the Harley-Davidson reputation for power, dependability and performance† (Bolfert). The V-twin model was reintroduced in 1911 and the Harley-Davidson low, deep rumble sound known today roars on (Bolfert). From the beginning, women have had the same enthusiasm as men for Harley-Davidson motorcycles. Photos from the early years of 1900 show advertisements of women posing on the legendary Harley-Davidson motorcycles. In 1910 one of the first articles published of a woman riding a motorcycle is in, The Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review, who wrote about Miss Leda Leslie and her Harley-Davidson (Harley-Women). Another early article of a woman on a Harley-Davidson is about Della Crewe and her dog named â€Å"Trouble. † Having only ten days of riding experience this lady and her dog set out to see America on her V-twin that had an attached sidecar. They left Waco, Texas in the summer of 1915 and by November they had made their way to Ohio traveling through rain and snow. When they finally reached their destination of New York City, they had traveled 5,378 miles and Della stated, â€Å"I had a glorious trip. I am in perfect health, and my desire is stronger than ever to keep going. † It wasn’t long before this pair was making their way to tour the South (Bolfert). The Enthusiast dubbed Vivian Bales as â€Å"The Enthusiast Girl† for her 5000 mile trip on her Harley-Davidson. During the Depression, Dot Robinson competed in endurance races right along with the men and in 1940 would win the Jack Pine Endurance sidecar race. During this time, another avid motorcycle rider contacted Dot Robinson to help form an organization for women riders. It was in 1940 that Dot Robinson and Linda Dugeau formed the first motorcycle riding club for women called â€Å"Motor Maids. † The first African-American to travel cross-country through 48 states in the 30 and 40’s was Bessie Springfield, who often had to sleep at filling stations on her motorcycle. She later joined a motorcycle dispatch unit for the army and rode across America delivering documents for the U. S. Army. During her life she owned 27 different Harley-Davidson motorcycles and continued to ride long after the doctors advised her not to (AMA Motorcycle Museum Hall of Fame). These brave and bold women paved the way for women today, to enjoy the pleasure of riding out on the open road on their own motorcycle. Geographical Scope While the Harley-Davidson headquarters are still located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin where it first originated, the company has grown and has other areas across America that helps with the production of the Harley-Davidson motorcycles. The company has testing and evaluation centers located in Meza, Arizona and Naples, Florida. In Franklin, Wisconsin is a distribution center is that is accountable for materials going from suppliers to warehouses. Harley-Davidson Dealer Systems that provides software, hardware, training and customer support to dealerships is located in Valley View, Ohio. Ann Arbor, Michigan holds the plant that protects the trademarks of Harley-Davidson. Wouwatosa, Wisconsin is home to the facility that produces â€Å"middleweight† engines for the Sportster models. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin known as â€Å"Home of the Big Twin† produces engines and transmissions for the larger model motorcycles. The Product Development Center is located in Wouwatosa, Wisconsin and is responsible for the development, testing, and styling of new products. Talladega, Alabama is home to a testing site for Harley-Davidson. Tomahawk Operations in Tomahawk, Wisconsin is responsible for fiberglass body parts, windshields, and saddlebags. Kansas City, Missouri is home to the plant that produces the Sportster, Dyna, and V-Rod models. While York, Pennsylvania produces the Touring, Softail, and factory custom motorcycles such as the Screamin Eagle (Harley-Davidson). Products and Services The number one product of Harley-Davidson is its line of motorcycles with the Screamin Eagle editions being the most popular. The Screamin Eagle models have a limited number manufactured and come with all the chrome and custom work already done. The service departments can do anything from a simple service to rebuilding an engine. Need body work done to your ride? Harley-Davidson service departments can rebuild your ride for you (Harley-Davidson). Harley-Davidson offers a large variety of products for men, women, and children. Most men and women will ride out in full leather gear which includes gloves, chaps, bandanas, helmets, and jackets. Most people think bikers wear all this to look tough, but truth be known, all the leather is protection for your skin in the event of a fall on asphalt (Harley-Davidson). Harley-Davidson offers a full line of apparel and jewelry for women, men, and children. In 2010, Harley-Davidson came out with the Pink Label collection with a percentage of the proceeds going to the Y-me National Breast Cancer Organization. Even men wore shirts with the pink ribbon and slogan reading â€Å"On This Road, No One Rides Alone (Harley-Davidson). † One service that Harley-Davidson offers to attract women riders is the â€Å"Riders Edge† course that teaches a person how to handle and ride a motorcycle safely. Upon completion of this course one can go to the DMV to take the motorcycle written test and with a passing score can receive a motorcycle endorsed license. Harley-Davidson will even take off the amount paid for the course toward a purchase of a new motorcycle. That’s three hundred dollars off a new bike before any other discounts. Subsidiaries. Harley-Davidson has two subsidiaries in Italy, MV Augusta and Cagiva. Both of these companies sell motorcycles that are used in racing and what is known here as â€Å"crotch rockets. † Buell, an American made motorcycle, is another subsidiary of Harley-Davidson that was founded in 1994, but sadly closed in 2009 (Subsidiaries of H-D). Due to being lighter and easier to handle and maneuver, Harley-Davidson uses these bikes to teach riders how to operate a motorcycle safely through the â€Å"Riders Edge† course. Harley-Davidson has a subsidiary known as H. O. G. which stands for Harley Owners Group, for people who own Harley-Davidson motorcycles. Anyone who buys a new Harley-Davidson motorcycle is automatically enrolled for a one year membership. By being a H. O. G. member you can receive discounts on insurance and Harley-Davidson products. H. O. G. even recognizes women riders by giving them a special â€Å"Ladies of Harley† patch and pin. The H. O. G. chapters are in nearly every city and form rides to get owners on their bikes (Harley-Davidson). Finance In 1995 women represented only about 2% of the motorcycle sales. With more women learning to ride, women represent about 12% of the motorcycle sales in 2010 (Clothier). For the year of 2010, the Harley-Davidson homepage reported income from continuing operations being 259. 7 million dollars, with Harley-Davidson Financial services contributing 181. 9 million dollars to that income. Dealerships world-wide sold a total of 222,110 new Harley-Davidson motorcycles at retail with the U. S. selling 143,391 of these new bikes. A total of 210,494 Harley-Davidson motorcycles were shipped from the company in 2010. The following table breaks down each quarter income and losses with the last column showing the total for the year (Harley-Davidson). HARLEY-DAVIDSON, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOMEUnaudited YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2010 (IN THOUSANDS) Q1Q2Q3Q4TOTAL Net Revenue from motorcycles and related products$1,037,335$1,135,101$1,087,115$917,076$4,176,627 Gross Profit379,547396,984379,806271,0661,427,403 Selling, administrative and engineering expense205,204208,952210,828260,153885,137 Restructuring expense48,23630,12567,47617,671163,508 Operating income from motorcycles related products126,107157,907101,502(6,758)378,758 Financial services revenue169,837173,705172,845166,322682,709 Financial services expense143,155112,860121,977122,844500,836 Operating income from financial services26,68260,84550,86843,378181,873. Operating income152,789218,752152,37036,720560,631 Investment income8671,5511,2391,7765,442 Interest expense23,45523,59123,10220,20990,357 Loss on debt extinguishment85,24785,247 (Loss) income before income taxes130,210196,712130,507(66,960)390,469 (Benefit from) provision for income taxes61,46957,42536,790(24,884)130,800 (Loss) income from continuing operations68,71139,28793,717(42,076)259, 669 Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax(35,416)(68,130)(4,888)(4,690)(113,124) Net income$ 33,325$71,157$88,829(46,766)146,545. At the end of the fiscal year, Keith Wandell (President and CEO of Harley-Davidson) states: â€Å"We feel good about our 2010 results. † â€Å"While there is still hard work ahead and we remain cautious in our outlook, I am confident we are positioning Harley-Davidson to succeed and deliver value for all our stakeholders into the future. † â€Å"For 2011, we plan to build on our position as one of the strongest brands in the world through our continued focus on customer led products and experiences. † Future Trends To help boost sales in 2011, Harley-Davidson will allow customers to design a Sportster 1200 Custom on-line, order it from their local dealer, and Harley-Davidson will build it at the factory and ship it to you (Harley-Davidson). Another trend for 2011 is Bike Builder, which is an online tool that allows customers to visualize different options on their motorcycle as they are building it (Harley-Davidson). This will allow customers to get the real look of the bike with their choice of custom work before spending the money on the bike and not being satisfied with the outcome. By listening to the customers and giving them what they want, Harley-Davidson will continue to be leader in motorcycle sales. Miscellaneous Freedom and America being a part of Harley-Davidson history Harley-Davidson has formed a Harley’s Hero tour that honors and supports Disabled American Veterans. Harley-Davidson pledged one million dollars to this foundation in 2006 and another one million dollars in 2010 to support the Nations Heroes. â€Å"Through this foundation Harley-Davidson provides free access to benefits for all veterans,† and shows them our appreciation for our freedom (Harley-Davidson). Local Harley-Davidson dealerships hold benefit rides to raise money for various cancer organizations such as Relay for Life, Bikers for Boobs, and for individuals who needs help paying medical expenses. Harley riders love to come out and support these benefits with as many as 400 to 500 bikes in one ride. It not only gets us out to raise money for cures, but gives us a chance to ride. Conclusion By attracting women into the sport of motorcycling, Harley-Davidson has now launched May as Women’s month. During May, Harley-Davidson will hold garage parties, and rides for women to help attract even more to the sport. So women like Dot Robinson and all women riders today have helped make Harley-Davidson a success. The motorcycles being dependable and reliable, the people who choose to ride these machines, and the fact, that it is a great American success story have all made Harley-Davidson legendary. Harley-Davidson has faced many difficulties over the last 108 years and is still going strong, so when we are having a bad day and going through difficult times, let’s do as the Harley-Davidson slogan states: â€Å"Screw it, let’s ride. †

Gender Inequality in Hollywood Essay -- stereotypes, media, gender ine

Stereotypes in our society are not uncommon. We come across them every day without realizing it. It is in our human nature to create expectations of the people around us, which could be based upon their ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender or other factors. Stereotypes help us categorize a vast group of people that we may not know anything about, to think that they are smaller and less intimidating. I believe that the blame for these cookie-cutter patterns can lead directly back to the media in every sense of the word. Media is all around us, and affects our opinions and ability to think for ourselves. Whether it’s the latest box office hit or the headlining news, we are getting assumptions from every point of view, which makes it hard to form our own. But I personally think that the biggest influence of our time are in the cinematic arts. Movies have been a huge part of the American culture since the motion pictures were first invented. Since the late eighteenth century, families have been going to the movie theater to spend quality time together. But as the action packed western thrillers soon turned to risque dramas, the idea of Hollywood made filmed changed drastically. In the early nineteen fifties, when televisions were becoming quite popular in the average American home, it was considered provocative to broadcast a married couple sitting in bed together. But today it would be considered a G rated program if it didn’t at least imply sexeul interests. This topic can be traced back to the stereotypes of Hollywood’s employees and how they influence us today. From Actors to Actresses or even just the director’s assistant, everybody in Hollywood has an expectation from someone else. When people think about the q... ... a child's life than motherhood. The interpretation is up to the audience, and sexist or not there still hints in the story by common belief of Hollywood critics. Both these movies, although vastly different, are examples of implied male dominance. A term more commonly referred to is gender inequality, which sounds more staid but at the same time is also taken more seriously. Works Cited Castillo, Monica. "You Can Win an Oscar, but You Can't Win Respect." B Media. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Gianoulus, Tina. St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. Vol. 4. Detroit [u.a.: St. James, 2000. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. "Roundtable: Five Casting Directors on Crazy Auditions and Industry Sexism." The Hollywood Reporter. THR Staff, n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2013. "Film Facts." WMM | RESOURCES | FILM FACTS. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2013.

One’s definition of society Essay

â€Å"Context is all† a statement found in the award winning novel The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood. At first it seems to make sense but upon closer investigation it raises the question, Is there no such thing as truth? To be able to answer this question it is important to find the appropriate definitions of truth and context. Then it is necessary to explore the depth of the relationships between the two concepts. Only after these conditions have been met is it possible to answer the question, Is there no such thing as truth? To be able to understand the concept of truth is very difficult but it is possible. Dictionary.com gives ten different definitions of truth, each acceptable in its own sense. For the purpose of this essay the definition that is best is â€Å"truth is an obvious or accepted fact†. The Constructivist theory as well as the Consensus theory also support this idea of truth. The constructivist theory views our knowledge as constructed because it does not reflect any external realities. Basically proponents of this theory believed that truth can be socially constructed. Karl Marx also claimed the existence of objective truth but he was able to distinguish between true knowledge and knowledge that had been distorted through power or ideology. The consensus theorists had a similar view. They believed that truth is whatever is agreed upon or might come to be agreed upon by some specified group. Both theories coincide with the definition of truth provided above but the constructivist theory also makes a clear distinction between objective truth and truth that is socially accepted. In order to answer the question above it is important to define objective truth as well as truth that is socially accepted. Truth can classified further into two subcategories which are objective truth and truth that is socially accepted. Objective truth is very much like a universal truth which is a fact or a statement that is accepted by everyone and is proven using more than one area of knowledge. An example of universal truth would be that gravity causes all objects thrown in the air to fall back to the ground. This statement would be considered a universal truth because it has been proven using more than one area of knowledge (science and mathematics) and it is a fact that most people accept. Truth that is socially accepted is depends on one’s definition of society. My definition of society is that it is an organized group of persons associated together for religious, cultural, political, patriotic or other purposes. An example of such a truth would be the fact that honour killings are accepted in certain parts of the world but are rejected in others. This shows how people’s perceptions of truth differ based on societal rules and regulations. The distinction between objective truth and truth that is socially accepted is also clearly defined and provides us with a platform to compare both of these to context. To be able to compare the concepts of context and truth it is important for us to define context. To me context means the part of a text or statement that surrounds a particular word or passage and determines its meaning. According to Wikipedia â€Å"Context includes the circumstances and conditions that surround an event†. Ironically it also provides at least twelve different definitions of context giving an excellent example of the word itself. Upon further analysis of the definition of context it is clear to see how truth and context fit together. The definition of context states that it is part of a text or statement that surrounds a particular word or passage and determines its meaning. The text or statement to which it is referring can be replaced by the truth. Thus, context refers to the information surrounding the truth. Context is also very important in understanding the truth because misinterpretation of the context could lead to a false impression of the truth. So, after defining both context and truth it seems to me that both of these aspects go hand in hand and each relies on the other to convey its true meaning. To be able to further investigate the relationship between truth and context, I decided to first compare objective truth and truth which is socially acceptable. I defined objective truth as a universal truth or a fact that is well accepted. The example of objective truth mentioned above is a good example of misinterpretation of truth when the context is changed. Such a fact was not known in the middle ages and one would be considered crazy if they believed in such theories. Such a statement is only considered a universal truth in today’s world and context. But if the context around the fact were changed then the fact itself would be considered untrue. Thus, the context around the truth is equally as important as the truth. Another way to view the context from the truth is to see them as two separate identities. The context provides the reader background information about the truth and if the context is misinterpreted then the truth gets distorted providing the reader with a false impression. Thus, objective truth can also be misinterpreted depending on its context. There is also a relationship between truth which is socially acceptable and context. It is quite similar to the relationship between objective truth and context. Something that is considered truth in one society may be viewed as false in another. An example of this is the different views on arranged marriages held in different societies. For example in western society this practice is very uncommon but in most eastern societies arranged marriages are encouraged and it is a very common practice. Thus, society’s different views on such a topic would elicit different versions of truth from different people. This would occur because of the different societal views that people have been raised in. The context in this case would be the views of the society which in turn would influence their views on arranged marriages. Therefore, truth that is socially acceptable also depends on its context. Therefore, context and truth are both terms that rely on each other to be understood. Without context it would be difficult to understand the truth. Objective truth as well as socially acceptable truth both rely on context to be understood and depend on each other to provide the reader with the clear meaning. Since, truth can not be understood without context then I believe that no such thing as truth exists. A fact that is considered true now may not be considered true later because of different contexts. Therefore, it is safe to say that the context determines the truth so, no such thing as truth exists.

Fbs Nc2 Reviewer

FOOD AND BEVERAGE NCII REVIEWER Possible Questions for Oral Questioning What is 3 Bucket Method? ?  Washing ?  Rinsing ?  Sanitizing What is 3S? ?  Scrape ?  Segregate ?  Stack What is the basic function of food service attendant (bartender, receptionist, waiter or any other position)? How do you handle guest complaint? H- hear (listen and identify complaint) E – Empathize A- Apologize R – Respond (inform supervisor) T – Take action What are the types of food service? Explain each service.   America  Service or plated service – food is already prepared in the kitchen in individual plates with garnish and accompaniment and plate is served individually to guests ? Russian service or platter service – food is arranged in a platter and waiter serve the food from the platter to the guests plate using a tong ? French or gueridon service – chef or head waiter prepare the food on the table side with some showmanship. Gueridon service for it uses gueridon trolley ? Buffet Service- guests line up to get their food in the buffet table ? Banquet Service – for group of persons and with fixed price ?Family Service – food are prepared in the kitchen, placed in a platter and served in a platter on the table. ?  English Service – private dinner with fine dining set-up and typically with wine service ? Luriat Service – plate of food complete with rice, meat, vegetable and dessert/ plate with complete meal ? Apartment or Blue Plate Service – similar to family Service with difference in location as it is held in an apartment ? Tray Service – food is served with the use of a tray What are the examples of unsanitary/ sanitary practices? Differentiate American Service (Plated) from Russian Service (Platter).What are the common factors that need to be considered in putting up you own restaurant? ?  Capital/ Budget ?  Location ?  Target Market ?  Competitors ?  Manning â€⠀œ quality, trained staff ?  Knowledgeable about the Business ?  Food Costing ?  Safety and Sanitation of the Area ?  Requirements & Permits ?  Equipments ?  Product/ Source of Ingredients ?  Product Development Cite examples of the different areas of the restaurant. Tell something about the area. ?  Cashier's Area ?  Dining Area – where guests are seated to eat, ?  Dishwashing Area – where cutleries, dishes and other equipments are washed, rinsed and sanitized.It is placed inside the kitchen ? Food Preparation Area – aka kitchen ?  Dispatching Area ?  Bar Counter ?  Food Display Counter ?  Service Station or Side Stand What is restaurant? Types of restaurant. ?  Fine Dining ?  Coffee shop ?  Industrial, Student Canteen/ Cafeteria What are the procedures in fine dining? How do you rate your self 1-10 base, 10 as the highest, on your demonstration? Did you pass or fail? Why? What are the things needed in preparing the table for s ervice? ?  China ?  Glasses ?  Cloth ?  Cutleries What are the considerations when preparing the table for service?   Check equipment, check the table and then sanitize the table. How do you sanitize your hands? ?  Wash hands for 20 sec with sanitizer/ soap and water ?  Wash up to your elbow ?  Rinse hand thoroughly ?  Dry hands using single service towel or paper towels What are the qualification(s) of a good food service attendant? ?  Service-oriented, meaning you are knowledgeable of your job roles and functions. How do you check condition of the table (and utensils) prior to service? ?  Actual checking ?  Types of Kitchen ?  Cold – Salad, Dessert ?  Hot – Entree, Soup, AppetizerTIPS – FBS NC II Assessment TIPS 1. Check table, chair and utensils and other items for cracks, chips and stains  through actual checking. 2. All forks are placed on the left side, except for the cocktail fork. 3. Pull out unneeded cutleries and china and set-up the needed  base on the order of the guest. 4. When guests are already seated, approach the table within 30 seconds. 5. If tied up with other guest, approach and tell the guest you'll get to them in a few seconds. 6. Maintain positive attitude: a. Friendly but not familiar b. No handshake, no pat on the back c. Do not stare 7.Be calm, relaxed and focused on guest. 8. Keep voice on comfortable level, speak slowly. 9. Offer appealing suggestion or  suggestive selling  before, while and after dinner. 10. Describe menu to guest. Use words such as fresh, fluffy, hand whipped, light, popular, delicious, tender, juicy, homemade 11. When taking the order, code your check if guest is many. | | 12. When taking order of group, move around the table. 13. Do not talk over guest. 14. Repeat order, if not sure. 15. Take menu when leaving. 16. Do not touch the napkin or any other item, when still asking for permission. 7. Transfer food ASAP 18. When presenting the check/ bill, never a ssume and never ask who is paying. Put the check on the table face down. For 2 or more guests, place check in the middle of the table. 19. Do not cross median  when placing utensils and order of the guest. 20. For complaints, use your H-E-A-R-T! H- hear (listen and identify complaint) E – Empathize A- Apologize R – Respond (inform supervisor) T – Take action 21. Dispose leftover following the  3S (Scrape, Segregate, Stack) 22. When stocking: ?  Biggest to smallest ?  Do not stock too high ?  By 10s only   When clearing the dining area start with the cruet set, then silverwares, chinaware and finally the water goblet. ?  When cutleries are touched in critical area, replace and apologize to the guest. ?  When guest ordered 2 salad/ soup/ appetizer/ entree/ beverage/ dessert, ask the guest which one do they prefer to be served first. ?  When serving the food/ beverage,  mention the name of the food/ beverage. Critical Mistakes in FBS: ?  Faili ng to Link ?  Serving the wrong food ?  Wrong cutlery set up ?  Failing to repeat order ?  No suggestive selling ?  Forgetting to give copy of receipt to guest   When cutleries are touched in critical area, replace and apologize to the guest. ?  Right side of the guest: ?  Beverages ?  Dishing out ?  Presentation of the Bill ?  Left side of the guest: ?  Presentation of menu list (hold menu list with left hand with the menu facing out) ? Taking orders ?  Delivery of food ?  On Fine Dining, no table napking wrapped around the pitcher. ?  Avoid transferring tray from one hand to the other to avoid accidents. ?  On Fine Dining, when guest did not order for soup nor salad get the table napkin and place on the left side of the guest and dish out the show plate.   On suggestive selling, start w/ main dish especially if asked â€Å"what is your specialty? † ?  Colored teapot – for black coffee White teapot – for hot water ?  Dishin g out, 3x only: ?  Cruet set ?  Plates and cutleries ?  Water goblet ?  Mese-en-place in 5 minutes only ?  During set-up/ mese-en-place, 4 deliveries only: ?  Cruet set ?  Cutleries and bread plate (6 pcs) ?  Show plate and folded napkin ?  Water goblet ?  In room service, on the trolley ?  First Layer (Top): o  Cruet set o  Paper napkin holder w/ paper napkin o  Toothpick o  Water goblet w/ cover o  Collin glass w/ cover   (Bottled water) o  Water container/ pitcher o  Teapot o  Cup and saucer o  Extra table napkin o  Cutleries covered w/ table napkin o  Food w/ cover (if space is enough) ?  Second Layer o  Bill tray Third Layer o  Table cloth o  Sanitizing agent and wiping cloth ?  In room service, do not give copy of receipt if guest paid using ‘charged to room†. Just let the guest sign the receipt. ?  In room service, if guest ordered for bread place the butter spreader next to the dinner fork. ?  In suggest ive selling (room service), do not ask questions answerable by â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no. † e. g.We serve fresh fruits like orange, apple, mango. ?  In room service: ?  Suggestive selling ?  Additional request ?  Good for how many†¦. then repeat order ?  When wiping table, counter clockwise direction. ?  In Fine Dining, when guest have no reservation and paid thru signing privilege do not forget to get the name of the guest and the name of the company and its address. Verify at the counter. ?  In fine dining, when guest ordered for additional rice place it in the bread plate and place on the bread plate position. ?  Leave on the trolley, place the food and beverage according to proper clocking.Table Skirting Tips: ?  Be playful with colors. Careful some colors do not go well. ?  Communicate with your supervisor, caterer and clients. ?  Cater or follow your guest specifications and wants. ?  Typically, the presidential and buffet table are the only table with skirting. Food and Beverage Services (FBS) NC II Free Reviewer Types of Services Banquet (Bukcet) Service †¢ For group of person †¢ Fixed price †¢ e. g. typical function Family Service †¢ Food are prepared in the kitchen and served in platter in the table †¢ Started by head of the family English Service Private dinner †¢ Typical private dinner †¢ Fine dining set-up †¢ w/ Wine service Luriat Service †¢ A plate with rice, meat, vegetable & dessert †¢ Big plate with complete meal Apartment/ Blue Plate Service †¢ Similar with family service, difference is location †¢ Located in apartment Tray Service Types of Menu 1. A la Carte – combo meal 2. Table d' Hote – Specific Menu w/ specific price Classes of Menu 1. Special party – e. g. weddings, baptismal 2. Cycle – preparation of food is combination of lunch and dinner Menu Functions 1. Breakfast 2. Morning/ A. M. Snack 3.Brunch (Breakfas t + Lunch) 4. Lunch 5. Afternoon/ P. M. Snack (2 – 3 P. M. ) 6. Merienda Cena (5 P. M. ) 7. Dinner 8. Midnight Snack Food Sequence 1. Appetizer 2. Soup 3. Salad 4. Main Course/ Entree 5. Dessert 6. Beverages Silverwares: Spoon SPOONS †¢ Sugar spoon – a piece of cutlery used for serving granulated sugar. This type of spoon resembles a teaspoon except that the bowl is deeper and often molded in the shape of a sea shell, giving it the name sugar shell. Sugar spoons are sometimes called â€Å"sugar shovels† because of their rectangular shape and deep bowl.   Ice Cream Spoon †¢ Dessert spoon — intermediate in size between a teaspoon and a tablespoon, used in eating dessert and sometimes soup or cereals. †¢ Teaspoon — small, suitable for stirring and sipping tea or coffee, standard capacity one third of a tablespoon. Examples: o Grapefruit spoon or orange spoon — tapers to a sharp point or teeth, used for citrus fruits and melons o iced tea spoon/ Long tea spoon — with a very long handle †¢ Soup spoon — with a large or rounded bowl for eating soup. Example: o cream-soup spoon — round-bowled, slightly shorter than a standard soup spoon Dinner spoon †¢ Table spoon Silverware: Forks ?  Cocktail fork –  A small fork resembling a trident, used for spearing cocktail garnishes such as olives. ?  Cake fork ?  Tea fork ?  Escargot –  or snail fork is a two-pronged small fork used to eat escargot or snails, a French delicacy. ?  Dessert fork –  a fork used for eating certain desserts, usually somewhat smaller than a dinner fork. ?  Fish fork ?  Salad fork –  Similar to a regular fork, but may be shorter, or have one of the outer tines shaped differently. ?  Dinner fork ?  Table fork Silverwares: Knives   Bread and butter spreader ?  Salad knife ?  Dinner knife ?  Cocktail / Fish knife Types of Chinaware According to Material U sed 1. Melamine (Plastic) 2. Ceramic (Clay) 3. Porcelain 4. Transparent Glass Chinaware ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Show Plate/ Underliner –  11 – 12  Ã‚  inches in diameter, underline for starters ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dinner Plate –  11 inches in diameter, for main course like steaks, Continental/ American breakfast, plated foods ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Soup bowl –  9 – 10 inches in diameter, container for cream soup,  (used for thick soup with underliner)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fish Plate –  9 inches in diameter for fish appetizers like smoked salmon, tanguigue, chef plate, sushi, sashimi and etc. ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salad Plate and Salad Bowl –à ‚  8-8. 5 inches in diameter, container/underliner for vegetable or fruit salad ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dessert Plate –  6. 5 – 7 inches ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bread Plate –  7. 5 inches in diameter for bread and butter served on the side of the cover ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bouillon or Consomme Cup –  container for clear soup like beef consomme, clear vegetable soup and etc. ,  (used for serving clear soup e. g. inigang) ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sauce Boat ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Monkey Dish –  container for sauces like gravy, tempura sauce, etc. and SOY  DISH  for kikkoman/ soy sauce, calamansi, pati, vinegar (for serving dipping sauce/ sawsawan) ?  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Demitasse saucer and cup –  4 inches in diameter, underline for demitasse cup, usually used for cafe  espresso and hot chocolate ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cup ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Saucer –  6 inches in diameter, used for coffee underliner, maybe used also for dessert ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cereal Bowl –  container for cereals like arroz caldo, oats and etc.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cruet Set* –  vase with salt and pepper shaker ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bell* ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Egg cup holder* –  for containing hard boiled e ggs ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tea Ball* ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Coaster –  stainless is used as cover and wood or plastic as underliner* ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Napkin* ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Food Cover* ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bill Holder* ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oval Plate ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pitcher –  either stainless or glass, when used to serve water it should have a napkin* ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Teapot ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Coffee Pot –  b igger than the teapotTypes of Glasses ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tumbler ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Footed ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stem –  For serving wine and cocktails. They all have a long stem that you hold to drink the liquid inside so that the temperature of your hand on the bowl of the glass won’t warm or affect the temperature of the drink. These include: 1. Champagne flute glasses. This type of drink glass has a long stem and a long narrow bowl. 2. Cocktail glass. This is often called a martini glass. The bowl is triangular in shape so that it almost forms a right angle from the tip of the cone to the cross section of the bowl. . Sherry glass. This drink glass has a stem for holding but the bowl of the glass is rounder and larger than the typical types of stemware. The standard size is one that holds about 4 ounces of s herry or wine. 4. Snifter. This is a balloon shape wine glass in which the bowl is narrower at the top than at the bottom. It is mostly used for serving brandy. ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mug Glasses 1. Parfait glass/ Sundae This glass has a similar inwards curve to that of a hurricane glass, with a steeper outwards rim and larger, rounded bowl. Often used for drinks containing fruit or ice cream.Typical Size: 12 oz. 2. Cocktail glass/ Martini Glass This glass has a triangle-bowl design with a long stem, and is used for a wide range of straight-up (without ice) cocktails, including martinis, manhattans, metropolitans, and gimlets. Also known as a martini glass. Typical Size: 4-12 oz. 3. Sherbet  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ used for ice cream 4. Margarita/coupette glass This slightly larger and rounded approach to a cocktail glass has a broad-rim for holding salt, ideal for margarita's. It is also used in daiquiris and other fruit drinks. Typical Size: 12 oz. 5. Cordial glassSmall and stemmed glasses used for serving small portions of your favourite liquors at times such as after a meal. Typical Size: 2 oz. 7. Shot glass A small glass suitable for vodka, whiskey and other liquors. Many â€Å"shot† mixed drinks also call for shot glasses. Typical Size: 1. 5 oz. 8. Water Goblet/ Banquet Goblet 9. Red wine glass A clear, thin, stemmed glass with a round bowl tapering inward at the rim. Typical Size: 8 oz. 10. Champagne flute This tulip shaped glass is designed to show off the waltzing bubbles of the wine as they brush against the side of the glass and spread out into a sparkling mousse.Typical Size: 6 oz. 11. White wine glass A clear, thin, stemmed glass with an elongated oval bowl tapering inward at the rim. Typical Size: 12. 5 oz. 12. Old-fashioned glass A short, round so called â€Å"rocks† glass, suitable for cocktails or liquor served on the rocks, or â€Å"with a splash†. Typical Size: 8-10 oz. 13. Highball g lass A straight-sided glass, often an elegant way to serve many types of mixed drinks, like those served on the rocks, shots, and mixer combined liquor drinks (ie. gin and tonic). Typical Size: 8-12 oz. 14. Collins glassShaped similarly to a highball glass, only taller, the collins glass was originally used for the line of collins gin drinks, and is now also commonly used for soft drinks, alcoholic juice, and tropical/exotic juices such as Mai Tai's. Typical Size: 14 oz. 15. Beer mug The traditional beer container. Typical Size: 16 oz. 16. Brandy snifter The shape of this glass concentrates the alcoholic odors to the top of the glass as your hands warm the brandy. Typical Size: 17. 5 oz. 17. Coffee mug The traditional mug used for hot coffee. Typical Size: 12-16 oz. 18. Hurricane glassA tall, elegantly cut glass named after it's hurricane-lamp-like shape, used for exotic/tropical drinks. Typical Size: 15 oz. 19. Pousse-cafe glass A narrow glass essentially used for pousse caf? s and other layered dessert drinks. It's shape increases the ease of layering ingredients. Typical Size: 6 oz. 20. Sherry glass The preferred glass for aperitifs, ports, and sherry. The copita, with it's aroma enhancing narrow taper, is a type of sherry glass. Typical Size: 2 oz. 21. Whiskey sour glass Also known as a delmonico glass, this is a stemmed, wide opening glass, alike to a small version of a champagne flute.Typical Size: 5 oz. Types of Beverages ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Non-Alcoholic: 1. Water 2. Juice 3. Coffee 4. Tea ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alcoholic ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Spirits 3 Bucket Method 1. Washing 2. Rinsing 3. Sanitizing Napkin Folds 1. Fleur de Leis Fan 2. Birds of Paradise 3. Japanese Princess 4. Cardinal 5. Waiter's Jacket 6. The Candlestick 7. Double Candlestick 8. Candle Fan 9. Japanese Fan 10. French Fan 11. The Bat 12. Plain Fold 13. Sea Breeze 14. Flute 15. Star 16. Pyramid 17. Four Candle 18. Lotus/ water Lily 19. Cutlery Holder 20. Pineapple 21. Peacock 22. Bishop's Hat/ Mitre 3. Blossom 24. Candy 25. Cross 26. Candle with Flame 27. Small Candle with Flame 28. Petticoat Tail 29. Snail (Star with fold above) 30. Portfolio 31. Maria Clara 32. Cross Row 33. French Fold 34. Picnic Pocket 35. Rose Twirl 36. Square Dance 37. Lady Dress 38. T-shirt 39. Cat's Paw 40. Deco Bar Items ? Wine Bucket ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Shaker 2 Types: o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Boston  Type (Body, Strainer, Cap) o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Glass ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bottle and Wine Opener ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chopping Board –  used for garnishing ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Knife ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fruit Picker   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jigger –  used for measuring liquors and liqueurs ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tong ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bar Strainer ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bar Spoon (with/ fruit picker) ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Muddler –  used for crushing fruits ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Baller –  used for garnishing ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ice Scooper ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ice Pick –  used for cracking ice ?  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Can Opening ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lime Squeezer ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pour Spout Basic Set-Up Skills 1. Polishing silverware ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Moist linen ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Do not leave finger print 2. Placing silver/ utensils   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hold silverwares on the sides with thumb and index finger supported in the middle by the middle finger ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Napkin Folding ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Water Serving ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3/4s of goblet only, about an inch from the rim ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Food Placement: ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Serving Food: Order of Service: a. Women served first, oldest to youngest b. Men served next, oldest to youngest c. Serve food counterclockwise using left hand and on left side of guest d. Serve beverage clockwise using right hand on the right side of the guest ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Placement of Glasses

Internet Privacy Essays - Internet Privacy, Privacy, Medical Privacy

Internet Privacy Essays - Internet Privacy, Privacy, Medical Privacy Internet Privacy One of the most important advances in the rapidly developing world of electronic commerce is the ability of companies to develop personalized relationships with their customers. Personalization empowers companies to better understand their customers' wants and desires and improve customer service by tailoring offerings to the unique needs of individuals . At the same time, this has become a subject of hot controversy because the technology involves the extensive collection and use of personal data. Many, if not most, online shoppers and surfers are not aware of the extent of how much and what kind of info can be gathered about a person, even someone who is just visiting and not shopping or signing up for anything. Through the use of the cookie technology, a person's movement through the Web can be tracked to provide information. Using cookies a website assigns each individual a unique identifier (but not the actual identity), so that the he may be recognized in subsequent visits to the site. On each return visit, the site can call up user-specific information, which could include the consumer's preferences or interests, as indicated by documents the consumer accessed in prior visits or items the consumer clicked on while in the site. Websites can also collect information about consumers through hidden electronic navigational software that captures information about site visits, including web pages visited and information downloaded, the types of browser used, and the referring websites' Internet addresses. The result is that a website about gardening that Jane Doe that could sell not only her name to mail-order companies, but also the fact that she spent a lot of time one Saturday night last month reading about how to fertilize roses. More disturbing scenarios along the same lines could be imagined. However, although concern about privacy and security has long been the biggest issue with online shoppersparticularly with the sanctity of their identification-related informationa majority do not mind their behavior being watched if it allows their shopping experience to be customized. According to the 1999 Personalized Marketing and Privacy on the Net: What Consumers Want survey conducted by the non-profit research firm Privacy and American Business, 61 percent of the 474 Internet users surveyed said that they would be positive toward receiving banner ads tailored to their personal interests rather than receiving random ads. This represents about 56 million adult users interested in such personalization. In addition, 68 percent of the users also said that they would provide personal information in order to receive tailored banner ads, on the condition that notice and opt-out are provided . The study seems to back the e-commerce firms who are watching online behavior to provide customized shopping experiences, and not privacy advocates who say that this practice is an invasion of privacy. It is the purpose for gathering the information, it would seem, that is the key to drawing the line between acceptable personalization and invasion of privacy. This is why it is important to many shoppers that a site have a privacy policy that explains what information is gathered and how it is being used, before they relinquish their information. However, according to the 1999 Georgetown Internet Privacy Policy Survey, 94% of the top 100 websites post privacy policies, and 66% of the overall websites post privacy policies . These figures sound reassuring but the exact definition of the privacy policies in themselves remains to be questioned. The 1998 Federal Trade Commission report on Internet privacy, Privacy Online: A Report to Congress outlined five criteria by which a commercial website can be said to have a truly comprehensive privacy policy. Known as the Fair Information Practice Principles, they are notice/awareness, choice/consent, access/participation, integrity/security, and enforcement/redress . In other words, websites should notify consumers that they're collecting personal information and that the consumers can choose whether to provide it. The report-the result of a three-year study of 1,400 websites targeted at consumers-also censured the e-commerce industry for not adequately protecting private information, stating that the vast majority of online businesses have yet to adopt even the most fundamental fair information practice.... It also criticized the industry's voluntary guidelines, stating that with limited exception, contain none of the enforcement mechanisms needed for an effective self-regulatory

Titanium Chemical & Physical Properties

Titanium Chemical & Physical Properties Titanium is a strong metal used in human implants, aircraft, and many other products. Here are facts about this useful element: Basic Facts Titanium Atomic Number: 22Symbol: TiAtomic weight: 47.88Discovery: William Gregor 1791 (England)Electron configuration: [Ar] 4s2 3d2Word origin: Latin titans: in mythology, the first sons of Earth Isotopes There are 26 known isotopes of titanium ranging from Ti-38 to Ti-63. Titanium has five stable isotopes with atomic masses 46-50. The most abundant isotope is Ti-48, accounting for 73.8% of all natural titanium. Properties Titanium has a melting point of 1660 /- 10Â °C, boiling point of 3287Â °C, specific gravity of 4.54, with a valence of 2, 3, or 4. Pure titanium is a lustrous white metal with low density, high strength, and high corrosion resistance. It is resistant to dilute sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, moist chlorine gas, most organic acids, and chloride solutions. Titanium is only ductile when it is free of oxygen. Titanium burns in air and is the only element that burns in nitrogen. Titanium is dimorphic, with the hexagonal a form slowly changing to the cubic b form around 880Â °C. The metal combines with oxygen at red heat temperatures and with chlorine at 550Â °C. Titanium is as strong as steel, but it is 45% lighter. The metal is 60% heavier than aluminum, but it is twice as strong. Titanium metal is considered to be physiologically inert. Pure titanium dioxide is reasonably clear, with an extremely high index of refraction and an optical dispersion higher than that of a diamond. Natural titanium becomes highly radioactive upon bombardment with deuterons. Uses Titanium is important for alloying with aluminum, molybdenum, iron, manganese, and other metals. Titanium alloys are used in situations where lightweight strength and ability to withstand temperature extremes are required (e.g., aerospace applications). Titanium may be used in desalination plants. The metal is frequently used for components which must be exposed to seawater. A titanium anode coated with platinum may be used to provide cathodic corrosion protection from seawater. Because it is inert in the body, titanium metal has surgical applications. Titanium dioxide is used to make man-made gemstones, although the resulting stone is relatively soft. The asterism of star sapphires and rubies is a result of the presence of TiO2. Titanium dioxide is used in house paint and artist paint. The paint is permanent and provides good coverage. It is an excellent reflector of infrared radiation. The paint is also used in solar observatories. Titanium oxide pigments account for the largest use of the element. Titanium oxide is used in some cosmetics to disperse light. Titanium tetrachloride is used to iridize glass. Since the compound fumes strongly in air, it is also used to produce smoke screens. Sources Titanium is the 9th most abundant element in the earths crust. It is almost always found in igneous rocks. It occurs in rutile, ilmenite, sphene, and many iron ores and titanates. Titanium is found in coal ash, plants, and in the human body. Titanium is found in the sun and in meteorites. Rocks from the Apollo 17 mission to the moon contained up to 12.1% TiO2. Rocks from earlier missions showed lower percentages of titanium dioxide. Titanium oxide bands are seen in spectra of M-type stars. In 1946, Kroll showed that titanium could be produced commercially by reducing titanium tetrachloride with magnesium. Physical Data Element Classification: Transition MetalDensity (g/cc): 4.54Melting Point (K): 1933Boiling Point (K): 3560Appearance: Shiny, dark-gray metalAtomic Radius (pm): 147Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 10.6Covalent Radius (pm): 132Ionic Radius: 68 (4e) 94 (2e)Specific Heat (20Â °C J/g mol): 0.523Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 18.8Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 422.6Debye Temperature (K): 380.00Pauling Negativity Number: 1.54First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 657.8Oxidation States: 4, 3Lattice Structure: 1.588Lattice Constant (Ã…): 2.950CAS Registry Number: 7440-32-6 Trivia Titanium was discovered in a black sand known as ilmenite. Ilmenite is a mixture of iron oxides and titanium oxides.William Gregor was the pastor of Mannacan parish when he discovered titanium. He named his new metal manaccanite.The German chemist Martin Klaproth rediscovered Gregors new metal and named it titanium after the Titans, Greek mythological beings of the Earth. The name titanium was preferred and ultimately adopted by other chemists but acknowledged Gregor as the original discoverer.Pure titanium metal was not isolated until 1910 by Matthew Hunter119 years after its discovery.Approximately 95% of all titanium is used in the production of titanium dioxide, TiO2. Titanium dioxide is an extremely bright white pigment used in paints, plastics, toothpaste, and paper.Titanium is used in medical procedures because it is non-toxic and non-reactive in the body. References Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001)Crescent Chemical Company (2001)Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952)CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed.) International Atomic Energy Agency ENSDF database (Oct 2010)

Write a paper on text from Emile Durkheim's Selected Writings Essay

Write a paper on text from Emile Durkheim's Selected Writings - Essay Example The division of labor simply put, is the separation and specialization of work among people in the society. By separation, he means that people choose to work according to their interests and ability. And by specialization he means the area of work assigned to one either on his own or by any external force. This division of labor according to Durkheim is not a downfall of society; instead it actually is a pillar that would create an orderly society. This is what is termed as "Organic Solidarity" in his own words. "Social harmony comes essentially from the division of labor. It is characterized by a cooperation which is automatically produced through the pursuit by each individual of his own interests. It suffices that each individual consecrate himself to a special function in order, by the force of events, to make himself solidary with others." The idea of labor separation among people in reality helps our society to run smooth without interrupting one another and maintains proper order. We can clearly understand this from the following hypothesis by Durkheim: Thus, it is clear that the division of labor is a positive one for development and to preserve social order. We all survive because of the division of labor and it can be well explained with a simple example as this, "While shoemakers and carpenters may be functioning fine, if farmers stop working, everyone starves. If the carpenters quit, no one has any shelter. If the garbage haulers don't show up, the streets become dumps and diseases spread. Durkheim saw that without one another in a highly specialized society, no one can survive. This interdependence is why the division of labor does not destroy social order". I am quoting another passage to explain the question why division of labor is necessary and what impact does it have on the society "If work becomes progressively divided as societies become more voluminous and dense, it is not because external circumstances are more varied, but because struggle for existence is more acute." The quotation itself provides a clear answer to the question. Our society increases all the time and if we all choose to be on the same road the result would be an enormous failure and our existence will be shaken. This division of labor allows us to move on without disturbing the other and making our society a progressive one for our survival. Life keeps moving. It does not stick to a particular place or work. We need to adapt ourselves to the changes that life brings and walk hand in hand for our existence. This is the way I understand the implication of division of labor on us. Thus, division of labor helps us to look for a way and to make our life easier as well as well as a comfortable one. Conclusion "In short, since the division of labor becomes the chief source of social solidarity, it becomes, at the same time, the foundation of the moral order." I would like to conclude my essay with this passage that stresses the need for the division of l

Not using plastic grocery bags Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Not using plastic grocery bags - Research Paper Example Such matter is non-biodegradable when disposed in the environment because it does not break down, dissolve, or rust at any timeframe. The bags could also be made from biodegradable polymer, polylactic acid derived from Lactic acid. The amount of plastic that the world consumes has steadily risen through the past years due to increased industrialization (Freinkel, 2011, p.7). Attribute to success Due to the excessive environmental degradation through the constant use of plastic grocery bags, other alternative measures were incorporated in order to reduce environmental pollution. Use of paper bags made from synthetic natural paper for carrying of goods from one point to the other. Such papers are biodegradable, can easily dissolve, and they are destroyed by water hence causing no harm to the environment and the living organisms. The governmental legislation policies on plastics ensured that there was a reduced production of plastic bags until there was a total ban on plastics, this led to decrease in the demand, and use of the plastics, and hence the adoption of alternative means for carrying goods. Increased production and introduction of biodegradable bags into the market at a manageable cost in the first place promoted a quick adoption of such carriage materials, which were convenient to carry and use. The national environmental management authority (NEMA) giving out stern policies with respect to using plastic bags and the hazards caused by carrying goods in them promoted a change of heart to reduce the health hazards and risks coming with the constant use of plastics. Challenges The other bags used for carrying goods are expensive compared to the price of plastics, because they are made of expensive synthetic materials. Such bags are not as durable and tough as plastic bags, which are made of combination of tougher material. These other synthetic bags cannot be used to cover and safely store certain contents unlike plastics, which could be used to cover cert ain contents. It takes a lengthy period to adapt using other paper bags after the drastic decline of using plastics. The plastics were available in a variety of sizes to accommodate numerous goods, but the introduction of other paper bags in limited sizes has impacted the way a variety of goods are carried and sometimes extra costs are incurred purchasing more than one paper bag for carrying goods that would fit within one plastic bag. Such biodegradable bags are not readily available in the rural settings because of poor communication channels that would enable effective transportation and shipment of such consignments to be available to the consumers. Environmental impact Following the decline of using plastic grocery bags, there has been a variety of impacts to the environment. Since plastics litter the environment, there has been reduced distribution of plastic litter (misplaced solid waste) within the environmental surrounding; soil profile and aeration have been improved due t o limited non-biodegradable plastic material. There has been reduced water pollution and infections to animals and human beings caused by the consumption of unpalatable plastic material, and air pollution caused by the burning of plastics, which eventually produce chlorofluorocarbon elements that contaminate the air, and causes global